Ecological Dynamics of Small Mammals and Invertebrates in Vermont
Summarizing my work in Dr. Nicholas Gotelli’s ecological lab.
At the core of the intricate dynamics of ecological systems lies the complex interplay between different species of organisms, particularly small mammals and invertebrates, which can have far-reaching implications for the sustainability and resilience of ecosystems. The goal of this undergraduate research was to shed light on the nature of this interplay and provide insights into the factors that influence the dynamics of competition and interaction in various environmental conditions, particularly those of farmland and forest habitats.
Research Overview
Working in Dr. Nicholas Gotelli’s ecological lab at the University of Vermont, I investigated the competitive dynamics between small mammals and invertebrates across Vermont’s abandoned agricultural landscapes. This research involved extensive fieldwork, specimen collection, and analysis of ecological patterns across diverse land use types.
Field Methods & Data Collection
Over the course of this study, I identified and preserved over 1,200 invertebrate specimens through pinning for the Vermont Natural History Collection. This meticulous work allowed for detailed analysis of species distribution and abundance patterns across multiple field sites.
Sampling sites distributed across farmland and forest habitats in Vermont, showing variation in land use patterns.
Key Findings
The research revealed compelling evidence of competitive behavior between invertebrates and small mammals, mediated by environmental variables.
Comparative analysis of organism abundance and environmental variables across study sites.
Competitive Relationships
Environmental Preferences:
The data demonstrated clear habitat partitioning between the two groups:
- Canopy cover and dead vegetation showed positive correlations with mammal abundance, but negative effects on invertebrate abundance
- Grass cover and herbaceous vegetation exhibited positive correlations with invertebrate abundance, while negatively affecting mammal abundance
These opposing relationships suggest resource competition and niche differentiation between the two taxonomic groups, with each adapted to exploit different microhabitat characteristics within the same landscape.
Implications for Land Management
Vermont’s Agricultural Renaissance
As of 2022, Vermont has made record investments to support agriculture, rural communities, and the environment through several key initiatives:
- Community Recovery and Revitalization programs
- Farmer Business Assistance Program and mentorship opportunities
- Climate Smart Farming initiatives
Ecological Consequences of Land Revitalization
The findings of this study suggest that the ongoing utilization or revitalization of communal land, although beneficial for the community, may trigger varying ecological responses between the two competitors of invertebrates and small mammals.
As Vermont continues to invest in agricultural revitalization, understanding these competitive dynamics becomes crucial for sustainable land management practices. The differential responses of these organisms to habitat characteristics highlight the importance of maintaining diverse habitat structures to support both groups within the landscape.
This research was presented as an oral presentation at the New England Natural History Conference (NENHC).
Acknowledgments
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Nicholas Gotelli, George Ni, Emily M. Beasley, and the University of Vermont for their invaluable support and assistance throughout the entire duration of my research and analysis. Their expertise, guidance, and encouragement have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project. I am truly grateful for their contributions and unwavering commitment to academic excellence.
This work contributes to our broader understanding of how land use change affects ecological communities and provides baseline data for monitoring the impacts of Vermont’s agricultural policy initiatives on biodiversity.
